Illuminating appliance



New. 27, 1923. 11,475,260

\N.A.DOREY ILLUMINATING APPLIANCE Filed Oct. 51 1919 2 Sheets-sheaf 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY W. A. DOREY ILLUMINATING APPLIANCE Filed Oct. 31 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 27, 1923.

= j "UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. \t r I WILLIAM A. DOREY, OI NEWARK, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO HOLQPHANE GLASS COMPANY, INC., 01! NEW YORK, N..Y-, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY ILLUMINATING APPLIANCE.

Application filed October 31, 1919. Serial No. 834,643.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM A. Donn a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Newark, county of Licklng, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Illuminating A pliances, of which the following is a speci cation.

The object of this invention is to construct an.1lluminating device by which substantially all of the light rays from a source.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a light source, 2 is a light transmitting envelope, having its inner surface 3 smooth and its outer surface 4 covered with horizontal light transmitting prisms. This is su ported at its base by a metal holder 5, be ow the envelope, being threaded on in the manner shown at 6, and at its u per rim fastened to the cap 8 by means ollock-nut 19. Gaskets 12 are placed between the metal and the glass at all arts. The outer envelope is composed 0 two ieces 9 and 15 in contact. The upper memher 9 .has a smooth exterior 11 and horizontal li ht refracting prisms 10 on its interior. The Tower envelope 15 has a smooth outer surface 16 and vertical light transmitting corrugations such as flutes or shallow prisms 17 on its interior. The lower rim of 15 rests on 'a flange 23 of the metal holder 5 and its upper rim 14 supports the lip 7 forming the lower ed e of the upper member. The upper rim of t e member 9 is in contact with the under face of the ridge 13 on the interior envelope. This method of holding'the parts is claimed and described in applicants patent application Serial No. 334,642 of October 31, 1919.

The operation'of the various arts of the unit is shown &y the tracing o the course of light rays. he ray r incident on the extreme uppermost ortion of the inner envelope is deviated y the prisms on that portion of the outer and inner envelope. downward in direction 1". As the lower edge of the outer envelope is approached incident rays such as s are deviated in direction 8 across the intervening space and emitted in direction a. The intervening rays between these two extremities r and 8 thus furnish a useful main beam G taking the eneral direction shown by r and 8 Taking the limiting rays t and c; after deviation through the interior envelope in direction t and 'v' they are, emitted in directions and 2 giving the general slope of the main beam of the Width of H. The ray win the middle of this beam is emitted in practically undeviated manner a, a This leaves only the included surface between rays 8 and t the surface BC and AB with'light rays unaccounted for. The interval a and t will not produce a shadow, this being eliminated by fringes of the main beams G and H. Stray light maybe depended on to give this interval a moderate brightness. The brightness of surface BC must depend entirely on stray light reflected from portions of the device indicated as FD, DK and EL. The brightness of surface AB must depend partly on stray light reflected from portions FD, DK and EL.

In the form of the device shown in Fig. 1,

the junction point between the two outer members will necessarily cause loss and scattering of a large portion of the light wfh1chstrikes it. y proper arrangement 0 however, and owing to the distance between the inner and outer members at this point, it s possible to reduce the amount of light sttriking this junction point to a very small 1 cm.

In Figs. 2 and 3 a modification is employed, in the former without a lower plate. but in both cases the principal light modify- ,ing members are two in number instead of three. In these figures, 1 is the light source, 25 is the interior envelope having on its outer surface horizontal refracting prisms 26 and having a smooth interior surface 27. 28 is the outer envelope having a smooth exterior 29 and an interior covered partly with horizontal retracting prisms 30 and partly with vertical diffusing prisms 31. In Fig. 3 the upper and lower extremithe shape and prismatic construction ties of the envelo e are fastened by clamping means 18 an 24. In Fig 2 the upper part 18 is the same but the lower run 32 of the outer envelope, owing to the absence of plate 20, rests directly on a ledge 33, of the inner envelope. Gaskets 12 are placed at contact points. The deviation of the rays in both modifications is. shown in Fig. 3. Rays incident between Z and m are deviated beween Z and m and are deviated'between l and m with four deviations in the vertical plane. In the part corresponding in these figures to the lower envelope of Fig. 1, that is, the zone of ray n, there are two deviations of importance in the vertical plane, while the rays 0 and y represent secondary beams to eliminate shadows in these zones. The deviations of the incident rays Z to q and a: to 2 are traced through the air space to its outward pamage outside of the envelope as outlined with reference to Fig. 1. The lower plate 20 is used for the purpose of eliminating any glare from rays from the bare lamp and is here shown with a smooth outer surface 21, and a prismatic inner surface 22.

The general operation of the device can be described as follows: In effect the interior member consists of two lenses, the lower portion co-operating with the lower outer member and the upper portion cooperating with the upper outer member. The lower portion of the inner member in itself re-directs the light in the desired vertical direction, the outer lower member serving to diffuse the light principally in lateral directions. The upper portion of the inner member bends the light rays down and the redirecting of this portion of the light is completed by the action of the outer upper member. \ertical corrugations 17 on the outer envelopes can be prismatic or flute shaped and are preferably diffusing prisms or flutes.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An illuminating appliance having an inner light transmitting refracting member having a dual lenticular effect, and an outer plural member, one part of which consists of horizontal refracting prisms and the other part of vertical corrugations.

2. An illuminating appliance consisting of an inner refracting envelope having a duel lenticular effect and an outer envelope having thereon two corresponding areas which transmit and direct thev light received from the refractor to points slightly below the horizontal.

3. An illuminating appliance consisting of an interior envelope having on its outer surface light refracting prisms, having a dual lenticular effect and an exterior envelope having light refracting prisms on its upper interior surface and vertical light directing corrugations on its lower surface.

4. An illuminating appliance consisting of an interior envelope having on its outer surface horizontal light transmitting refracting prisms and spaced apart therefrom an exterior envelope consisting of separate upper and lower members adapted to transmit and direct light rays from the neighboring parts of the interior member to points slightly below the horizontal, the lower member being substantially parallel with the lower half of the interior member and having on its interior surface vertical light transmitting and diffusing corrugations, the upper member being placed:v at an angle to and resting on the lowerfmember and having light transmitting and retracting prisms on its interior surface.

5. An illuminating appliance consistin of an interior refractor and an exterior velope to points slightly below the horizont-al.

Signed at Newark, in the county of Licking and State of Ohio, this 28th day of October, 1919.

WILLIAM A. DOREY. 

